As the weight is held in place by the pin the weight contains high amounts of potential energy. This is used to give the balloon the most kinetic energy possible when launched. Adding more height and weight will add more potential energy giving us more built up soon to become kinetic energy for launch which would then improve the distance the balloon would cover. When the balloon is launched all that potential energy becomes kinetic energy but potential energy decreases while kinetic energy increases. At a certain point PE=KE and other points where KE>PE. Once the projectile meets the ground KE=PE again.
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